Canada Early Learning and Child Care Act (S.C. 2024, c. 2)

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Act current to 2024-10-30

Canada Early Learning and Child Care Act

S.C. 2024, c. 2

Assented to 2024-03-19

An Act respecting early learning and child care in Canada

Preamble

Whereas the Government of Canada, recognizing the beneficial impact of early learning and child care on child development, on the well-being of children and of families, on gender equality, on the rights of women and their economic participation and prosperity and on Canada’s economy and social infrastructure, is committed to supporting the establishment and maintenance of a Canada-wide early learning and child care system, including before- and after-school care;

Whereas the Government of Canada recognizes the role of the provinces and Indigenous peoples in providing early learning and child care programs and services and is committed to cooperating, collaborating, and maintaining partnerships with them in order to support them in providing such programs and services that are affordable, inclusive and of high quality, including by entering into agreements respecting funding;

Whereas the Government of Canada is committed to continuing to work in collaboration with the provinces and Indigenous peoples on a Canada-wide early learning and child care system that contributes to meeting the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations, to implementing the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and to meeting Canada’s international human rights obligations, including those under the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities;

Whereas the Multilateral Early Learning and Child Care Framework sets out principles to guide the Government of Canada and the governments of the provinces in achieving the vision of all children in Canada having access to quality early learning and child care programs and services that support their development and enable them to reach their full potential;

Whereas the Indigenous Early Learning and Child Care Framework, which was co-developed by the Government of Canada and Indigenous peoples, sets out the principles to guide all interested parties in achieving the vision that all First Nations, Inuit and Métis children and families are supported by a comprehensive and coordinated early learning and child care system that is rooted in Indigenous knowledge, cultures and languages and led by Indigenous peoples;

Whereas the Government of Canada is committed to continuing to implement the Multilateral Early Learning and Child Care Framework and the Indigenous Early Learning and Child Care Framework and to achieving the goals set out in them;

Whereas the Government of Canada is committed to achieving reconciliation with First Nations, the Inuit and the Métis through renewed nation-to-nation, Inuit-Crown and government-to-government relationships based on recognition of rights, respect, cooperation and partnership;

Whereas the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada’s Calls to Action calls for the federal, provincial and Indigenous governments to develop culturally appropriate early childhood education programs for Indigenous families;

Whereas the Government of Canada is committed to upholding the right of Indigenous peoples to be consulted in order to obtain their free, prior and informed consent for legislation pertaining to Indigenous children;

And whereas the Government of Canada recognizes the importance of engaging with civil society, including parents, guardians, tutors and other stakeholders, to assist it in its efforts to support a Canada-wide early learning and child care system;

Now, therefore, His Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate and House of Commons of Canada, enacts as follows:

Short Title

Marginal note:Short title

1 This Act may be cited as the Canada Early Learning and Child Care Act.

Interpretation

Marginal note:Definitions

2 The following definitions apply in this Act.

Indigenous governing body: Indigenous governing body means a council, government or other entity that is authorized to act on behalf of an Indigenous group, community or people that holds rights recognized and affirmed by section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982. (corps dirigeant autochtone)
Indigenous peoples: Indigenous peoples has the meaning assigned by the definition aboriginal peoples of Canada in subsection 35(2) of the Constitution Act, 1982. (peuples autochtones)
Minister: Minister means the member of the King’s Privy Council for Canada designated under section 4. (ministre)

Marginal note:Rights of Indigenous peoples

3 This Act is to be construed as upholding the rights of Indigenous peoples recognized and affirmed by section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982, and not as abrogating or derogating from them.

Marginal note:Designation of Minister

4 The Governor in Council may, by order, designate a member of the King’s Privy Council for Canada to be the Minister for the purposes of this Act.

Purpose and Declaration

Marginal note:Purpose

5 The purpose of this Act is to

(a) set out the Government of Canada’s vision for a Canada-wide, community-based early learning and child care system and its commitment to ongoing collaboration with the provinces and Indigenous peoples to support them in their efforts to establish and maintain such a system;
(b) set out the government’s commitment to maintaining long-term funding for the provinces and Indigenous peoples for the establishment and maintenance of that system;
(c) set out the principles that guide the ongoing federal investments in that system;
(d) establish the National Advisory Council on Early Learning and Child Care;
(e) further the progressive realization of the right to benefit from child care services as recognized in the Convention on the Rights of the Child; and
(f) contribute to the implementation of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.

Marginal note:Declaration

6 It is declared that

(a) the Government of Canada has as a goal to support the establishment and maintenance of a Canada-wide early learning and child care system where families have access to affordable, inclusive and high quality early learning and child care programs and services regardless of where they live;
(b) flexible early learning and child care programs and services that respond to the varying needs of children and families foster children’s development and are an important support for families and communities;
(c) access to affordable early learning and child care programs and services enable parents and guardians and tutors, particularly mothers, to reach their full economic potential, which contributes to a strong economy and greater gender equality;
(d) it is important for the Government of Canada to cooperate, collaborate and work in partnership with the provinces and Indigenous peoples and support them in their efforts to provide those programs and services; and
(e) First Nations, Inuit and Métis children and families are best supported by early learning and child care programs and services that are culturally appropriate, that are led by Indigenous peoples and that respect theright of Indigenous peoples to free, prior and informed consent in matters relating to children.

Funding

Marginal note:Guiding principles

7 (1) Federal investments respecting the establishment and maintenance of a Canada-wide early learning and child care system — as well as the efforts to enter into related agreements with the provinces and Indigenous peoples — must be guided by the principles by which early learning and child care programs and services should be accessible, affordable, inclusive and of high quality and must, therefore, aim to
- (a) support the provision of, and facilitate equitable access to, high-quality early learning and child care programs and services — in particular those that are provided by public and not for profit child care providers — that meet standards set by provincial governments or Indigenous governing bodies, that are reﬂective of other evidence-based best practices in high-quality service provision and that respond to the varying needs of children and families;
- (b) enable families of all income levels, including low incomes, to beneﬁt from affordable early learning and child care programs and services;
- (c) support the provision, including in rural and remote communities, of early learning and child care programs and services that are inclusive of children from systematically marginalized groups, including children with disabilities, and of children from English and French linguistic minority communities, that respect and value the diversity of all children and families and that respond to their varying needs; and
- (d) support the provision of high-quality early learning and child care programs and services that foster the social, emotional, physical and cognitive development of young children, including through the recruitment and retention of a qualiﬁed and well-supported early childhood education workforce, recognizing that working conditions aﬀect the provision of those programs and services.
Marginal note:Other guiding principles — Indigenous peoples
(2) Federal investments in respect of early learning and child care programs and services for Indigenous peoples — as well as the efforts to enter into related agreements with Indigenous peoples — must be guided by the principles set out in the Indigenous Early Learning and Child Care Framework, in addition to the principles set out in subsection (1).
Marginal note:Commitments re Official Languages Act
(3) Federal investments in respect of early learning and child care programs and services subject to an agreement entered into with a province must be guided by the commitments set out in the Oﬃcial Languages Act, in addition to the principles set out in subsection (1).

Marginal note:Funding commitments

8 (1) The Government of Canada commits to maintaining long-term funding for early learning and child care programs and services, including early learning and child care programs and services for Indigenous peoples and for official language minority communities.
Marginal note:Funding agreements
(2) The funding must be provided primarily through agreements with the provincial governments and Indigenous governing bodies and other Indigenous entities that represent the interests of an Indigenous group and its members.