Off-Road Small Spark-Ignition Engine Emission Regulations (SOR/2003-355)

Engines with Complete Fuel System

• 12.7 (1) Engines of the 2019 and later model years with a complete fuel system shall conform to the following standards:

  • (a) for engines that are designed to be used in a non-handheld machine for the useful life set out in section 112 of subpart B of CFR 1054,

    • (i) for non-metallic fuel lines, the permeation emission standards set out in paragraph 102(d)(2) of subpart B of CFR 1060,

    • (ii) for non-metallic fuel tanks, the permeation emission standards set out in paragraph 103(b) of subpart B of CFR 1060,

    • (iii) for metal fuel tanks, the standards set out in paragraph 103(f) of subpart B of CFR 1060,

    • (iv) except for a wintertime engine, the running loss emission standards set out in the following paragraphs of subpart B of CFR 1060:

      • (A) paragraph 104(b)(1),

      • (B) paragraph 104(b)(2), or

      • (C) paragraph 104(b)(3), if an approved Executive Order of the California Air Resources Board in respect of the engine’s running loss emissions has been included in the evidence of conformity,

    • (v) at the company’s choice, instead of the standards described in subparagraphs (i) and (ii), the diurnal emission standards set out in paragraph 105(e) of subpart B of CFR 1060, and

    • (vi) the evaporative emission standards set out in paragraphs 101(f)(1) and (3)(i) of subpart B of CFR 1060;

  • (b) for engines that are designed to be used in a handheld machine — other than the engines referred to in paragraph (c) — for the useful life of the engine set out in section 110 of subpart B of CFR 1054,

    • (i) for non-metallic fuel lines, the permeation emission standards set out in paragraph 102(d)(2) of subpart B of CFR 1060,

    • (ii) for non-metallic fuel tanks, the permeation emission standards set out in paragraph 103(b) of subpart B of CFR 1060,

    • (iii) for metal fuel tanks, the standards set out in paragraph 103(f) of subpart B of CFR 1060, and

    • (iv) the evaporative emission standards set out in paragraph 101(f)(3)(i) of subpart B of CFR 1060; and

  • (c) for engines that are designed to be used in a handheld cold weather machine for the useful life set out in section 110 of subpart B of CFR 1054,

    • (i) for non-metallic fuel lines, the permeation emission standards set out in paragraph 102(d)(3) of subpart B of CFR 1060,

    • (ii) for non-metallic fuel tanks, the permeation emission standards set out in paragraph 103(b) of subpart B of CFR 1060,

    • (iii) for metal fuel tanks, the standards set out in paragraph 103(f) of subpart B of CFR 1060, and

    • (iv) the evaporative emission standards set out in paragraph 101(f)(3)(i) of subpart B of CFR 1060.

• (2) For the purposes of paragraph 1(c), a handheld cold weather machine means any of the following handheld machines: a chainsaw, cut-off saw, clearing saw, brush cutter in which an engine with a total engine displacement that is greater than or equal to 40 cm³ is installed, commercial drill, ice auger and earth auger that is also designed to be used as an ice auger.

Bicycle Engines

• 12.8 (1) Bicycle engines of the 2019 and later model years shall conform to the following standards:

  • (a) subject to subsection (1.1), in the case of a bicycle engine with a complete fuel system,

    • (i) the exhaust emission standards for HC + NO_x and CO set out in paragraphs 105(a)(1) and 105(b) set out in subpart B of CFR 1051, and

    • (ii) the permeation emission standards set out in paragraph 110(a) and (b) of that subpart; and

  • (b) in any other case, the standards set out in subparagraph (a)(i).

• (1.1) If a bicycle has a dry weight of less than 20 kg when a bicycle engine with a complete fuel system is installed on it, the bicycle engine may, instead of conforming to the standards referred to in paragraph (1)(a), conform to

  • (a) the exhaust emission standards referred to in paragraph 12.5(1)(b) for an engine that is designed to be used in a handheld machine; and

  • (b) the evaporative emission standards referred to in subparagraph 12.7(1)(b)(iv) for an engine that is designed to be used in a handheld machine.

• (2) Despite paragraph (1)(a), a bicycle engine that has a total engine displacement of 70 cm³ or less may, instead of conforming to the exhaust emission standards referred to in paragraph (1)(a), conform to the exhaust emission standards set out in paragraph 615(b) of subpart G of CFR 1051.

• (3) The standards referred to in subsections (1) and (2) apply for the useful life set out in paragraph 105(c) of subpart B of CFR 1051 as if a bicycle were an off-highway motorcycle referred to in that paragraph.

Replacement Engines

• 13 (1) In this section, replacement engine means an engine manufactured exclusively to replace an engine in a machine for which no current model year engine with the physical or performance characteristics necessary for the operation of the machine exists.

• (2) A replacement engine may conform to, instead of the standards set out in sections 9 to 12.1 and paragraph 12.2(a),

  • (a) in the case where there exists a replacement engine manufactured to the specifications of a model year later than the model year of the original engine and with the physical or performance characteristics necessary for the operation of the machine,

    • (i) the standards referred to in sections 9 to 12.1 and paragraph 12.2(a) applicable to an engine manufactured to the specification of the model year of the replacement engine, or

    • (ii) if none of the standards referred to in sections 9 to 12.1 and paragraph 12.2(a) applies, the manufacturer’s specifications; and

  • (b) in any other case,

    • (i) the standards referred to in sections 9 to 12.1 and paragraph 12.2(a) applicable to the original engine, or

    • (ii) if none of those standards applies, the manufacturer’s specifications.

• (3) A replacement engine shall bear a label that meets the requirements set out in

  • (a) subsections 17.2(3) and (4) and that sets out, in both official languages, that the engine is a replacement engine; or

  • (b) as the case may be,

    • (i) paragraph 1003(b)(5) of subpart K of CFR 90 for engines of a model year before the 2019 model year, or

    • (ii) paragraph 240(b)(5) of subpart C of CFR 1068 for engines of the 2019 and later model years.

Interpretation of Standards

• 13.1 (1) For greater certainty, the standards in these Regulations that refer to the CFR include all of the test procedures, fuels and calculation methods specified for those standards in CFR 90, CFR 1051, CFR 1054 or CFR 1060, as the case may be.

• (2) In the case of a standard set out in the CFR that is to be phased in over a period of time for a class of engine, or fuel line or fuel tank attached to an engine, the standard comes into effect, for the purposes of these Regulations, in the model year for which the CFR specifies that the standard applies to 100% of that class of engine, or fuel line or fuel tank attached to an engine and continues to apply until another standard that applies comes into effect.

14 [Repealed, SOR/2017-196, s. 16]

Instructions

Emission-related Maintenance Instructions

• 15 (1) Every company shall ensure that written instructions respecting emission-related maintenance are provided to the first retail purchaser of an engine or machine. Those instructions shall be consistent with the maintenance instructions set out in paragraphs 1104(a) and (b) of subpart L of CFR 90, section 125 of subpart B of CFR 1051, section 125 of subpart B of CFR 1054, or section 125 of subpart B of CFR 1060, as the case may be, for the applicable model year.

• (2) The instructions shall be provided in English, French or both official languages, as requested by the purchaser.

Engine Kit Assembly Instructions

15.1 Every company shall ensure that each engine kit is accompanied by written instructions in English and French for the engine’s assembly — or the address of the place or the website where those instructions may be obtained — that will illustrate how to assemble the engine to conform to the standards prescribed under these Regulations.

Evidence of Conformity

16 In the case of an engine referred to in paragraph 12.2(b), evidence of conformity required under paragraph 153(1)(b) of the Act in respect of a company consists of

• (a) a copy of each EPA certificate covering the engine and, if applicable, any attached fuel line or attached fuel tank for an engine of the 2019 and later model years;

• (b) a document demonstrating that

  • (i) for an engine of a model year before the 2019 model year or for an engine of the 2019 and later model years without a complete fuel system, it is sold concurrently in Canada and in the United States, or

  • (ii) for an engine of the 2019 and later model years with a complete fuel system, it is sold concurrently with the same complete fuel system in Canada and in the United States;

• (c) a copy of the records submitted to the EPA in support of each application for an EPA certificate and any amended application in respect of an engine, fuel lines or fuel tanks that form part of a complete fuel system for an engine of the 2019 and later model years;

• (d) a U.S. emission control information label that is permanently affixed in the form and location set out in

  • (i) for engines before the 2019 model year, section 114 of subpart B of CFR 90 or, if applicable, paragraphs 135(b) to (h) of subpart B of CFR 1054, and

  • (ii) for engines of the 2019 and later model years, paragraphs 135(b) to (h) of subpart B of CFR 1054, and

    • (A) in the case of engines with a complete fuel system other than bicycle engines, paragraphs 135(a) to (e) of subpart B of CFR 1060, and

    • (B) in the case of bicycle engines, paragraphs 135(b) to (e) of subpart B of CFR 1051; and

  • (iii) [Repealed, SOR/2020-258, s. 64]

  • (iv) [Repealed, SOR/2020-258, s. 64]

• (e) for the purpose of testing the engine for conformity with exhaust emission standards, all information required to reproduce the emissions tests that generated the results contained in the records referred to in paragraph (c).

• 17 (1) In the case of an engine other than one referred to in paragraph 12.2(b), the evidence of conformity required under paragraph 153(1)(b) of the Act shall be obtained and produced by the company in a form and manner that is satisfactory to the Minister.

• (2) The company shall submit the evidence of conformity to the Minister before importing the engine or applying a national emissions mark to it.

17.1 [Repealed, SOR/2020-258, s. 65]

National Emissions Mark and Label Requirements

• 17.2 (1) The national emissions mark is the mark set out in the schedule.

• (2) The national emissions mark shall be at least 7 mm in height and 10 mm in width.

• (3) The national emissions mark and any label required by these Regulations, except for a label referred to in paragraph 16(d), subsection 17.4(6) or section 17.5, shall be located

  • (a) on or immediately next to the label referred to in paragraph 16(d); or

  • (b) if there is no label as referred to in paragraph 16(d), in a visible or readily accessible location.

• (4) Except for the label referred to in paragraph 16(d), any label required by these Regulations, including the label on which the national emissions mark appears, shall

  • (a) be permanently applied so that any attempt to alter or remove it would damage it;

  • (b) be resistant to or protected against any weather condition; and

  • (c) bear inscriptions that are legible and indelible and that are indented, embossed or in a colour that contrasts with the background of the label.

• (5) A company that has been authorized to apply the national emissions mark shall display the authorization number assigned by the Minister in figures that are at least 2 mm in height, immediately below or to the right of the national emissions mark.