Canadian Aviation Regulations (SOR/96-433)

Instrument Procedures — Restricted Canada Air Pilot

604.52 No person shall, in an aircraft operated by a private operator, conduct an instrument procedure that is specified in the Restricted Canada Air Pilot for an aerodrome unless

• (a) the private operator is authorized to do so under a special authorization;

• (b) the person conducts the procedure in accordance with the requirements set out in the Restricted Canada Air Pilot in respect of the procedure; and

• (c) every flight crew member has received the training necessary to mitigate the risks or hazards associated with that procedure with respect to the safety of the aircraft, persons or property, and the validity period for that training has not expired.

CMNPS and RNPC Requirements

604.53 No person shall file a flight plan indicating that an aircraft operated by a private operator can be operated in accordance with Canadian minimum navigation performance specifications (CMNPS) or required navigation performance capability (RNPC) unless

• (a) the private operator is authorized under a special authorization to operate the aircraft in accordance with CMNPS or RNPC;

• (b) every flight crew member has received CMNPS or RNPC training, for which the validity period has not expired, in

  • (i) normal operating procedures, including long-range navigation system pre-flight data entry and periodic cross-checking of the system position display against the aircraft position,

  • (ii) the method of monitoring and cross-checking the long-range navigation system that is coupled to the auto-pilot,

  • (iii) the actions to be taken in the event of a discrepancy among long-range navigation systems, and the method of determining which is the most accurate or reliable system,

  • (iv) contingency procedures,

  • (v) the actions to be taken in the event of a failure of one or more long-range navigation systems,

  • (vi) the procedure for manually updating long-range navigation systems,

  • (vii) airborne emergency procedures, including realignment, if applicable,

  • (viii) the procedure for regaining track after a deliberate or accidental deviation from the cleared track, and

  • (ix) RNAV systems; and

• (c) the aircraft is equipped with at least two independent long-range navigation systems or is operated as follows:

  • (i) in the case of an aircraft equipped only with the radio navigation equipment referred to in paragraph 605.18(j), the aircraft is operated only on high level airways, and

  • (ii) in the case of an aircraft equipped with at least two independent navigation systems, one of which is a long-range navigation system, the aircraft is operated only in RNPC airspace

    • (A) on high level fixed RNAV routes,

    • (B) on direct routes that begin and end within the reception range of ground-based navigation aids, or

    • (C) on high level airways.

RNPC Requirements — High Level Fixed RNAV Routes

604.54 No person shall file a flight plan indicating that an aircraft operated by a private operator can be operated on a high level fixed RNAV route in accordance with required navigation performance capability (RNPC) unless

• (a) the private operator is authorized under a special authorization to operate the aircraft in accordance with RNPC;

• (b) every flight crew member has received RNPC training, for which the validity period has not expired, in

  • (i) normal operating procedures, including navigation system pre-flight data entry and periodic cross-checking of the system position display against the aircraft position,

  • (ii) the method of monitoring and cross-checking the navigation system that is coupled to the auto-pilot,

  • (iii) the actions to be taken in the event of a discrepancy among navigation systems, and the method of determining which is the most accurate or reliable system,

  • (iv) contingency procedures,

  • (v) the actions to be taken in the event of a failure of one or more navigation systems,

  • (vi) the procedure for manually updating navigation systems,

  • (vii) airborne emergency procedures, including realignment, if applicable,

  • (viii) the procedure for regaining track after a deliberate or accidental deviation from the cleared track, and

  • (ix) RNAV systems; and

• (c) the aircraft is equipped with at least two independent navigation systems, one of which is a long-range navigation system.

NAT-MNPS Requirements

• 604.55 (1) No person shall file a flight plan indicating that an aircraft operated by a private operator can be operated in accordance with North Atlantic minimum navigation performance specifications (NAT-MNPS) unless

  • (a) the private operator is authorized under a special authorization to operate the aircraft in accordance with NAT-MNPS;

  • (b) every flight crew member has received NAT-MNPS training, for which the validity period has not expired, in

    • (i) normal operating procedures, including long-range navigation system pre-flight data entry and periodic cross-checking of the system position display against the aircraft position,

    • (ii) the method of monitoring and cross-checking the long-range navigation system that is coupled to the auto-pilot,

    • (iii) the actions to be taken in the event of a discrepancy among long-range navigation systems, and the method of determining which is the most accurate or reliable system,

    • (iv) contingency procedures,

    • (v) the actions to be taken in the event of a failure of one or more long-range navigation systems,

    • (vi) the procedure for manually updating long-range navigation systems,

    • (vii) airborne emergency procedures, including realignment, if applicable,

    • (viii) the procedure for regaining track after a deliberate or accidental deviation from the cleared track, and

    • (ix) RNAV systems; and

  • (c) subject to subsections (2) and (4), the aircraft is equipped with at least two independent long-range navigation systems.

• (2) No person shall operate, in NAT-MNPS airspace, an aircraft operated by a private operator that is equipped with only one long-range navigation system, or that has only one functioning long-range navigation system, except on routes that are specified by the civil aviation authority of a contracting state as routes for aircraft equipped with only one long-range navigation system.

• (3) If the long-range navigation system referred to in subsection (2) is a GNSS receiver, it may be used if

  • (a) a Canadian Technical Standard Order (CAN-TSO) design approval has been issued in respect of the GNSS receiver; or

  • (b) the GNSS receiver meets the performance requirements of Technical Standard Order TSO-C196a, Airborne Supplemental Navigation Sensors for Global Positioning System Equipment Using Aircraft-Based Augmentation, published by the Federal Aviation Administration of the United States.

• (4) No person shall operate, in NAT-MNPS airspace, an aircraft operated by a private operator that is equipped only with short-range navigation equipment (VOR, DME, ADF), except on routes G3 or G11.

RVSM Requirements

604.56 No person shall file a flight plan indicating that an aircraft operated by a private operator can be operated in accordance with reduced vertical separation minima (RVSM) unless

• (a) the private operator is authorized under a special authorization to operate the aircraft in accordance with RVSM;

• (b) every flight crew member has received RVSM training, for which the validity period has not expired, in

  • (i) the floor, ceiling and horizontal boundaries of RVSM airspace,

  • (ii) rules on the exclusion of non-RVSM-compliant aircraft from the airspace,

  • (iii) the procedures to be followed by flight crew members with respect to

    • (A) pre-flight and in-flight altimeter checks,

    • (B) use of the automatic altitude control system,

    • (C) items on the minimum equipment list,

    • (D) in-flight contingencies,

    • (E) weather deviation procedures,

    • (F) track offset procedures for wake turbulence,

    • (G) inconsequential collision-avoidance systems alerts, and

    • (H) pilot level-off call,

  • (iv) procedures relating to non-RVSM-compliant aircraft required to carry out ferry flights, humanitarian flights or delivery flights, and

  • (v) the use of an Airborne Collision Avoidance System (ACAS) and a Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS);

• (c) the aircraft meets the eligibility requirements set out in section 624.56 of Standard 624 — RVSM Eligibility Requirements, with respect to aircraft performance and aircraft equipment; and

• (d) the private operator meets the aircraft continued airworthiness maintenance requirements set out in section 624.56 of Standard 624 — RVSM Eligibility Requirements.

• (e) [Repealed, SOR/2025-26, s. 25]

RNP 10 Requirements

604.57 No person shall file a flight plan indicating that an aircraft operated by a private operator can be operated in accordance with required navigation performance 10 (RNP 10) requirements unless

• (a) the private operator is authorized under a special authorization to operate the aircraft in accordance with RNP 10 requirements;

• (b) every flight crew member has received RNP 10 training, for which the validity period has not expired, in

  • (i) flight planning requirements,

  • (ii) navigation performance requirements,

  • (iii) enroute procedures, and

  • (iv) contingency procedures;

• (c) the aircraft meets one of the following eligibility requirements:

  • (i) the aircraft flight manual or the pilot operating handbook, or any equivalent document provided by the manufacturer of the avionics equipment or by the aircraft manufacturer, specifies that the aircraft can be operated in accordance with RNP 10 requirements,

  • (ii) the aircraft can be operated in accordance with another navigation standard with performance criteria that are equivalent to RNP 10 requirements, or

  • (iii) the private operator has demonstrated to the Minister, using one of the data collection methods set out in section 1.3.3.1.4.2 of Chapter 1 of Part B of Volume II of the PBN Manual, that the aircraft meets the navigational accuracy requirements for RNP 10;

• (d) the aircraft is equipped with the navigation equipment referred to in sections 1.3.4 and 1.3.6.1 of Chapter 1 of Part B of Volume II of the PBN Manual;

• (e) the equipment referred to in paragraph (d) meets the standards, criteria and performance requirements set out in sections 1.3.4.1, 1.3.4.2, 1.3.6.1 and 1.3.11 of Chapter 1 of Part B of Volume II of the PBN Manual; and

• (f) the private operator applies the processes, practices and procedures relating to the duties and practices set out in sections 1.3.7, 1.3.8 and 1.3.9.2 to 1.3.9.9 of Chapter 1 of Part B of Volume II of the PBN Manual.

RNP 4 Requirements

604.58 No person shall file a flight plan indicating that an aircraft operated by a private operator can be operated in accordance with required navigation performance 4 (RNP 4) requirements unless

• (a) the private operator is authorized under a special authorization to operate the aircraft in accordance with RNP 4 requirements;

• (b) every flight crew member has received the training referred to in paragraph 604.60(b), and the validity period for that training has not expired;

• (c) the aircraft meets one of the following eligibility requirements:

  • (i) the aircraft flight manual or the pilot operating handbook, or any equivalent document provided by the manufacturer of the avionics equipment or by the aircraft manufacturer, specifies that the aircraft can be operated in accordance with RNP 4 requirements,

  • (ii) the aircraft can be operated in accordance with another navigation standard with performance criteria that are equivalent to RNP 4 requirements, or

  • (iii) the private operator has demonstrated to the Minister that the aircraft meets the navigational accuracy requirements for RNP 4;

• (d) the aircraft is equipped with the navigation equipment referred to in sections 1.3.3.1 and 1.3.3.2 of Chapter 1 of Part C of Volume II of the PBN Manual;

• (e) the equipment referred to in paragraph (d) meets the standards, criteria and functional requirements set out in sections 1.3.3.4 to 1.3.3.7 of Chapter 1 of Part C of Volume II of the PBN Manual; and

• (f) the private operator applies the processes, practices and procedures relating to the duties and practices set out in sections 1.3.4.2.1 to 1.3.4.4.4 and 1.3.6 of Chapter 1 of Part C of Volume II of the PBN Manual.

RNAV 5 Requirements

604.59 No person shall file a flight plan indicating that an aircraft operated by a private operator can be operated in accordance with area navigation 5 (RNAV 5) requirements unless

• (a) the private operator is authorized under a special authorization to operate the aircraft in accordance with RNAV 5 requirements;

• (b) every flight crew member has received the training referred to in paragraph 604.60(b) and the validity period for that training has not expired;

• (c) the aircraft meets one of the following eligibility requirements:

  • (i) the aircraft flight manual or the pilot operating handbook, or any equivalent document provided by the manufacturer of the avionics equipment or by the aircraft manufacturer, specifies that the aircraft can be operated in accordance with RNAV 5 requirements,

  • (ii) the aircraft can be operated in accordance with another navigation standard with performance criteria that are equivalent to RNAV 5 requirements, or

  • (iii) the private operator has demonstrated to the Minister that the aircraft meets the navigational accuracy requirements for RNAV 5;

• (d) the aircraft is equipped with at least one of the position sensors referred to in section 2.3.3 of Chapter 2 of Part B of Volume II of the PBN Manual;

• (e) the position sensors referred to in paragraph (d) meet the performance requirements, criteria and functional requirements set out in sections 2.3.3.1 to 2.3.3.3 of Chapter 2 of Part B of Volume II of the PBN Manual; and

• (f) the private operator applies the processes, practices and procedures relating to the duties and practices set out in section 2.3.4 of Chapter 2 of Part B of Volume II of the PBN Manual.

RNAV 1 and RNAV 2 Requirements

604.60 No person shall file a flight plan indicating that an aircraft operated by a private operator can be operated in accordance with area navigation 1 (RNAV 1) or area navigation 2 (RNAV 2) requirements unless

• (a) the private operator is authorized under a special authorization to operate the aircraft in accordance with RNAV 1 or RNAV 2 requirements;

• (b) every flight crew member has received RNAV 1 or RNAV 2 training, for which the validity period has not expired, in

  • (i) pre-flight procedures for initialization, loading and verification of the area navigation system,

  • (ii) the normal operation of the area navigation system,

  • (iii) the procedure for manually updating the position of the area navigation system,

  • (iv) the method of monitoring and cross-checking the area navigation system,

  • (v) the operation of the area navigation system in a compass unreliability area,

  • (vi) malfunction procedures,

  • (vii) terminal area procedures,

  • (viii) waypoint symbology, plotting procedures and record-keeping duties and practices,

  • (ix) timekeeping procedures,

  • (x) post-flight performance checks,

  • (xi) flight planning,

  • (xii) navigation performance requirements,

  • (xiii) enroute procedures, and

  • (xiv) contingency procedures;

• (c) the aircraft meets one of the following eligibility requirements:

  • (i) the aircraft can be operated in accordance with precision area navigation (P-RNAV) requirements based on GNSS capability under an authorization issued by the competent authority of a contracting state,

  • (ii) the aircraft can be operated in accordance with area navigation (RNAV) requirements based on DME/DME or DME/DME/IRU capability under an authorization issued by the Federal Aviation Administration of the United States, or

  • (iii) the aircraft flight manual or the pilot operating handbook, or any equivalent document provided by the manufacturer of the avionics equipment or by the aircraft manufacturer, specifies that the aircraft can be operated in accordance with RNAV 1 or RNAV 2 requirements;

• (d) the aircraft is equipped with at least one of the pieces of equipment referred to in section 3.3.3 of Chapter 3 of Part B of Volume II of the PBN Manual;

• (e) the equipment referred to in paragraph (d) meets the performance requirements, criteria and functional requirements set out in sections 3.3.3.1 to 3.3.3.2.1.1 and 3.3.3.2.1.3 to 3.3.3.3 of Chapter 3 of Part B of Volume II of the PBN Manual;

• (f) every flight crew member has demonstrated to the Minister the ability to operate the aircraft in accordance with this section; and

• (g) the private operator applies the processes, practices and procedures relating to the duties and practices set out in sections 3.3.3.2.1.2, 3.3.4.2 to 3.3.4.6 and 3.3.6 of Chapter 3 of Part B of Volume II of the PBN Manual.